What new principles and values did the school of thought bring to psychology?

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Influence of Schools of Thought

Choose one of the schools of thought that was introduced in the readings and in the Current Psychological Schools of Thought presentation—the mental testing movement, functionalism, behaviorism, neobehaviorism, or psychoanalysis—that you have not yet written about in another discussion assignment. Remember that psychoanalysis refers to a comprehensive theory about human nature and not to the psychotherapeutic approach.

What new principles and values did the school of thought bring to psychology?

What new ideas, practices, and methods were introduced?

Discuss some of the key developments within the school of thought over the course of time, in terms of research methods or other applied methods.

Evaluate one of the sleep disorders covered this week. Explain theories of etiology (causation), including the neuroanatomical structures, neurotransmitter/receptor systems, and the functional nervous system pathways involved.

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Prior to completing your initial post, read Chapter 5 and 8 of your course text and viewing Sleep Disorders. These required materials examine topics on neurotransmitter and receptor systems, anatomical structures, neurological functional pathways and their role in control of movement, consciousness and sleep, and how they correlate to selected related disorders. Choose from the following options for your initial post:

Option A: Evaluate one of the disorders of consciousness covered this week. Explain theories of etiology (causation), including the neuroanatomical structures, neurotransmitter/receptor systems, and the functional nervous system pathways involved. Include an analysis of the contribution of genetics, the environment, and lifestyle to the development and natural history of the condition. Provide information regarding diagnostic criteria and evaluate options for care interventions (both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic). Lastly, identify the neuroanatomical structures and any neurotransmitter/receptor systems involved.

You must use a minimum of one peer-reviewed source that was published within the last five years, documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Your post should be a minimum of 250 words. You may cite and reference your textbook, required reading and/or multimedia, but these will not fulfill the source requirement.

Option B: Evaluate one of the sleep disorders covered this week. Explain theories of etiology (causation), including the neuroanatomical structures, neurotransmitter/receptor systems, and the functional nervous system pathways involved. Include an analysis of the contribution of genetics, environment, and lifestyle to the development and natural history of the condition. What information can you add regarding diagnostic criteria? Evaluate the options for care interventions (both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic). Lastly, identify the neuroanatomical structures and any neurotransmitter/receptor systems involved.

You must use a minimum of one peer-reviewed source that was published within the last five years, documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Your post should be a minimum of 250 words. You may cite and reference your textbook, required reading and/or multimedia, but these will not fulfill the source requirement.

What distinguishes the schools of thought from each other, in terms of their principles, values, subject matter, research approaches, and applied methods?

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Behaviorism and psychoanalysis (or psychodynamic theory—not the psychotherapy approach) are sometimes considered theoretically opposite. However, they share some characteristics in common.

In a similar way, one could consider humanistic and cognitive psychology to be quite different, yet there are areas of common ground here as well. Thinking about similarities and differences of schools of thought can help us understand their unique characteristics.

Choose two schools of thought (the mental testing movement, behaviorism, psychoanalytic theory, humanistic psychology, cognitive psychology, or psychobiology) and discuss how they differ. What distinguishes the schools of thought from each other, in terms of their principles, values, subject matter, research approaches, and applied methods? Also address which factors they share with each other, using the aforementioned attributes as they apply. Remember that we are exploring comprehensive theories of human nature and behavior, not psychotherapeutic techniques (for example, cognitive behavioral therapy or psychoanalytic therapy).

Neurotransmitter(s) and receptor system(s) involved in the pathology of the disorder

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Final Project: Biopsychological Analysis of a Neuropsychological Disorder

In your Final Project, you will synthesize an overview of the major theories relating to the pathology of a disorder as well as provide a detailed discussion of the etiology (causes) and clinical interventions, using research to support your analysis. Your topic will be the neuropsychological disorder that was selected and approved by the instructor in your Week One assignment, and for which you provided an outline in the Week Two assignment.

In keeping with the focus of this class, the emphasis of your paper will be on the neuroscience aspects of the disorder, to include:

Theories of etiology (causes)

Associated factors in development of the disorder (genetic, environmental, familial, lifestyle)

Pathology (abnormalities of physical structure and function, including genetic and biochemical aspects)

Treatment options (pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic, with rationales for use based on current understanding of the disorder)

Diagnostic and research technologies employed in clinical diagnosis, care, and basic science research

Your research will include a minimum of six to eight peer-reviewed sources, which provide evidence-based information regarding the biological and psychological features of the disorder and were published within the last five years. At least four of your references should be peer-reviewed publications of original research studies. To justify your assertions, provide in-text citations for all factual statements taken from your research, with corresponding references drawn from scholarly sources. All citations and sources are to be documented according to APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, and should support and enhance your analysis of the selected disorder. Sources may include review articles, original research articles, information from government agencies (e.g., National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control, Food and Drug Administration, Drug Enforcement Administration) or professional societies (e.g., professional society position papers or clinical practice guidelines).

Final Project- Components

Section I: Introduction

This section should provide a general introduction to the topic as well as an overview of the background and history of the disorder. Further, it should provide a succinct thesis statement of the purpose and overall direction of the paper. For instance, if your paper will have a large focus on the role of particular neurotransmitters in the etiology of the disorder as a rationale for treatment options, you should indicate this in the introduction. Finally, this section should provide demographic data that indicates the prevalence of the disorder in both general and specific populations.

Specific required components of the Introduction:

Succinct thesis statement (one or more sentences detailing the focus of your Final Project and informing the reader about your topic and the scope of your paper)

Define the type of disorder

Neurological

Psychological

Neuropsychological

Diagnostic criteria

What components must be present for the disorder to be diagnosed?

Include physical and psychological signs and symptoms.

Reason(s) why you chose this topic

Personal experience

Professional experience

Other reason

Epidemiology

Who is affected?

Are they young/old?

Male/female

Rural/urban

Ethnicities

Section II: Discussion

This section should make up the majority of the Final Project in terms of size. Here, you will expand upon the main aspects of the disorder and provide details relating to the disorder and its management. This section should provide specific and detailed information (Reminder: All statements of fact require an in-text citation). Cited/referenced sources should be used to support your analysis of the components of the discussion.

Specific required components of the Discussion section:

Detailed description of the disorder

Signs and symptoms

Epidemiology

Any subtypes of the disorder

Detailed description of the natural history of the disorder

How the disorder develops over time with treatment

How the disorder develops over time without treatment

Methods used to diagnose, evaluate, and manage the disorder

Initial diagnosis (e.g., physical exam, imaging and/or laboratory testing, special studies, psychological evaluation, psychometric testing)

Ongoing management (e.g., physical exam, imaging and/or laboratory testing, special studies, psychological evaluation, psychometric testing)

Risk factors

Genetics

Lifestyle

Environmental factors

Other causative factors

Known

Theorized

Nervous system structures and/or pathways involved in the disorder (detailed information regarding the underlying pathology as it applies to these structures and functional pathways)

Neurotransmitter(s) and receptor system(s) involved in the pathology of the disorder

Current treatment options

Drug (pharmacologic) therapies

Nonpharmacologic therapies (including psychological and other therapeutic services)

Type of care providers (e.g., medical, nursing, therapists)

Type of healthcare setting (e.g., hospital, home, outpatient, nursing facility)

Future areas of research

Treatment options

Evaluation and diagnostic methods for initial diagnosis

Increasing knowledge relating to etiology and pathologic processes

Section III: Conclusion

Provide a concluding summary of your findings regarding your selected disorder. The conclusion is a summarization of information that has already been presented. Typically, if you mention something in the conclusion section of an academic paper, you should have already mentioned this aspect of the topic earlier in the paper.

Specific required components of the Conclusion section:

The conclusion reaffirms your initial thesis statement.

The conclusion may be one or more paragraphs. Use the material you have discussed in the paper to support the validity of your synthesis and elaborate on the theme of your paper.

Writing the Final Project

The Final Project:

Must be 10 to 12 double-spaced pages in length, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Must include a title page with the following:

Title of paper

Student’s name

Course name and number

Instructor’s name

Date submitted

Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.

Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.

Must include section headings, formatted according to APA style, to organize your paper. Each paragraph must have a minimum of three full sentences.

Must include in-text citations for all statements of facts obtained through your research.

Remember that direct quotes (identical phrases or sentences taken from a source) require in-text citations with appropriate formatting.

Statements of opinion should be clearly stated as such, and include a rationale to support why you hold this opinion (e.g., personal or professional experience, your research findings).

Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.

Must use at least six to eight scholarly sources that were published within the last five years, including a minimum of four peer-reviewed original research studies.

In general, dictionaries and encyclopedias are not considered appropriate resources for academic writing.

Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Was your colleague’s proposed assessment battery appropriate for the case they were referred?

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Week 3 – Discussion

22 unread replies.33 replies.

Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses. Refer to the Discussion Forum Grading Rubric under the Settings icon above for guidance on how your discussion will be evaluated.

Case Studies in Assessment

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the assigned chapters from the text. It is highly recommended that you review each of the brief Blumenfeld (2012) video clips demonstrating the administration of a mental status examination. These are listed in the recommended resources and may require that you download Quicktime in order to view them. Although not required, these videos show the administration of a mental status exam and may prove helpful in this discussion.

Access the Barnhill (2014) DSM-5 Clinical Cases e-book in the DSM-5 library, and select one of the case studies. The case study you select must be one in which the client could be assessed using one or more of the assessment instruments discussed in this week’s reading.

For this discussion, you will take on the role of a psychology intern at a mental health facility working under the supervision of a licensed psychologist. In this role, you will conduct a psychological evaluation of a client referred to you for a second opinion using valid psychological tests and assessment procedures. The case study you select from the textbook will serve as the information provided to you from the professional who previously evaluated the client (e.g., the psychologist or psychiatrist).

In your initial post, begin with a paragraph briefly summarizing the main information about the case you selected. Evaluate and describe the ethical and professional interpretation of any assessment information presented in the case study. Devise an assessment battery for a psychological evaluation that minimally includes a clinical interview, mental status exam, intellectual assessment, observations of the client, and at least two assessment instruments specific to the diagnostic impressions (e.g., attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, autism spectrum disorder, etc.). The assessment battery must include at least one approach to assessing your client which is different from the assessments previously administered. The assessment plan must be presented as a list of recommended psychological tests and assessment procedures with a brief sentence explaining the purpose of each test or procedure. Following the list of tests and assessment procedures you recommend for your client, compare the assessment instruments that fall within the same categories (e.g., intellectual or achievement), and debate the pros of cons of the instruments and procedures you selected versus the instruments and procedures reported by the referring professional.

Guided Response: Review several of your colleagues’ posts, and respond to at least two of your peers by 11:59 p.m. on Day 7 of the week. You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful interactive discourse in this discussion. Was your colleague’s proposed assessment battery appropriate for the case they were referred? Evaluate the instrument(s) suggested by your colleague. Would these measures provide reliable, valid, and culturally appropriate results for the given scenario? Use your research to support your assertions. What other measure(s) would you suggest your colleague use in this situation? Continue to monitor the discussion forum until 5:00 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (MST) on Day 7 of the week and respond to anyone who replies to your initial post.

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How will you use what you have learned about the psychology of success to accomplish the three goals you set in Assignment 1?

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Assignment 2: Principles of Success Plan: Principles

Due Week 9 and worth 200 points

How will you use what you have learned about the psychology of success to accomplish the three goals you set in Assignment 1? Chapters 4-9 of the Webtext present information on the psychological concepts of selective attention, spaced repetition, habit formation, mindset, and grit. For Assignment 2, you will summarize each concept and explain how you have experienced each of these working in your life. In addition, you will choose one principle of success for each concept, and explain how you plan to apply that principle to meeting the personal or career goals you set for yourself in Assignment 1.

Assignment 2 should be five to seven (5-7) pages in length and should include the following:

Selective Attention

Summarize the concept of selective attention and explain how you have seen this concept in your own life in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Choose a principle of success related to selective attention and explain how you plan to put this principle into action to accomplish one of the goals you set in Assignment 1 in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Spaced Repetition (or The Spacing Effect).

Summarize the concept of spaced repetition and explain how you have seen this concept in your own life in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Choose a principle of success related to spaced repetition and explain how you plan to put this principle into action to accomplish on of the goals you set in Assignment 1 in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Habit Formation

Summarize the concept of habit formation and explain how you have seen this concept in your own life in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Choose a principle of success related to habit formation and explain how you plan to put this principle into action to accomplish on of the goals you set in Assignment 1 in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Mindset

Summarize the concept of mindset and explain how you have seen this concept in your own life in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Choose a principle of success related to mindset and explain how you plan to put this principle into action to accomplish on of the goals you set in Assignment 1 in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Grit

Summarize the concept of grit and explain how you have seen this concept in your own life in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Choose a principle of success related to grit and explain how you plan to put this principle into action to accomplish on of the goals you set in Assignment 1 in one paragraph of three to five (3-5) sentences

Described the professional’s training in forensic psychology and discussed it in relation to the individual’s primary job responsibilities and client population served.

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Assignment 2: RA 1: Fieldwork Observation Task

Fieldwork Report

In this module, conduct your first fieldwork on observations and interactions with forensic psychology professionals. Your interaction with these professionals can be face-to-face, as with a tour of a facility or an interview, or it can occur over the phone when face-to-face meetings are not practical. If you are unable to complete a face-to-face meeting, then follow up with your instructor.

Tasks:

Create a fieldwork report of your observations and interactions, including the following:

Name of the professional

The professional’s affiliation and agency’s affiliation

Degrees and licensure

Type of training in forensic psychology (if applicable)

Primary job responsibilities

Client population served

Any ethical conflicts the professional routinely encounters

Recommendations to a graduate student in forensic psychology

Other observations as deemed appropriate

Reflection on what you learned from the fieldwork experience and how you can apply it in your professional life

Write your report in a 2- to 3-page Microsoft Word document.

Follow APA guidelines for writing and citing in-text references. All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.

Your report should rely upon at least two sources from additional professional literature; the sources must be cited in APA format. The literature may include relevant textbooks, peer-reviewed journal articles, and websites created by professional organizations, agencies, or institutions (.edu, .org, or .gov).

Submission Details:

By the due date assigned, save your report as M3_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc and submit it to the Submissions Area.

Assignment 2 Grading Criteria Maximum Points

Summarized the following details of the professional:

Name

His or her affiliation and agency’s affiliation

Earned degrees

Licensure

32

Described the professional’s training in forensic psychology and discussed it in relation to the individual’s primary job responsibilities and client population served.

32

Elicited and described any ethical conflicts the professional routinely encounters and assessed how the professional resolves these conflicts.

32

Elicited and described the professional’s recommendations to a graduate student in forensic psychology.

32

Elicited and provided other observations relevant to the practice of psychology.

32

Described what was learned from the fieldwork experience and reflected on how it can be applied to the professional’s life.

32

Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

Describe the techniques used in criminal profiling and report on the accuracy of offender’s profiles.

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Click here to study a vignette.

Tasks:

On the basis of the vignette you read, respond to the following:

Describe the techniques used in criminal profiling and report on the accuracy of offender’s profiles.

Indicate whether the offender’s description is admissible in court. Your answer should target criminal profiling of serial rapists.

Discuss the role of forensic hypnosis in helping the victim recall repressed memories.

Cite research indicating the accuracy of hypnotically refreshed memories and the admissibility of a hypnotically refreshed memory into court.

Help Dr. Johnson offer the chief alternatives to assist the victim to identify possible suspects.

All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.

Submission Details:

By the due date assigned , post your responses to this Discussion Area.

Through the end of the module, respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts. While responding, compare the similarities and differences between what you have constructed and what your classmates have.

Grading Criteria Maximum Points Quality of initial posting, including fulfillment of assignment instructions 16 Quality of responses to classmates 12 Frequency of responses to classmates 4 Reference to supporting readings and other materials 4 Language and grammar 4 Total: 40 M3 Assignment 1 Discussion Discussion Topic Due August 18 at 11:59 PM

What functional deficits might affect Amanda and Jacob?

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Discussion post: Visual dysfunction in children (1-3 paragraphs)

Amanda, a 16-year-old female suffers from a pituitary gland tumor. This tumor presses on the optic chiasm and results in a condition where Amanda’s right eye can no longer see the right side of the visual field. It also affects her left eye such that it can no longer see the left side of the visual field.

Jacob, a 5-year-old, has scarring on the fusiform gyrus secondary to seizures. This damage has resulted in ventral stream disruption and in particular, problems with facial recognition.

What functional deficits might affect Amanda and Jacob? Considering their different developmental levels, list the deficits and describe their potential effects in the physical, cognitive-academic, and social-emotional areas of functioning. What interventions are appropriate, and how would they differ for each of these two individuals?

Compares or contrasts this work with another you have cited OR explains how this work illuminates your bibliography topic

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Annotated Bibliography for Final Project
PSY 634 Milestone Two: Annotated Bibliography Guidelines and Rubric Prompt: The annotated bibliography should include a listing of at least eight resources that will be used in your case application paper. You should include the APA citation for each resource as well as a brief paragraph stating the conclusion of each resource and addressing how the information in the resource will support your project. The resources should include information about the chosen individual’s disorder/disability as well as information regarding treatment for the disorder/disability. Guidelines for Submission: The annotated bibliography should follow these formatting guidelines: 2–3 pages, double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, 1-inch margins, and citations in APA format. For each reference, the three- to five-sentence annotation should be indented in block format (similar to a direct quotation of greater than 40 words) and directly follow the reference. Students should pay attention to the following points in their annotation:

 Summarize the central theme and scope of the resource

 Include a paragraph that covers the following: o Evaluates the authority or background of the author o Comments on the intended audience o Compares or contrasts this work with another you have cited OR explains how this work illuminates your bibliography topic

Cite the resource using APA style (see below for example).

Sample Annotated Bibliography of a Journal Article The following example is what your final product for each resource should look like. This example (for the psychological research article A Bad Taste in the Mouth: Gustatory Disgust Influences Moral Judgment) employs APA style for the journal citation. The writer of this annotation follows the above points to create an annotation that summarizes the article’s main points and draws connections between that resource and other resources: Eskine, K. J., Kacinik, N. A., & Prinz, J. J. (2011). A bad taste in the mouth: Gustatory disgust influences moral judgment. Psychological Science, 22(3), 295–299. Annotation: In this article, Eskine and colleagues describe the results of an experiment that examined whether the taste in a person’s mouth influences the moral judgments that the person makes. The authors, who are researchers at the City University of New York, hypothesized that there would be a relationship between these two variables because prior research has shown that there are strong links between basic emotions and moral judgments. Indeed, the authors found that participants given a bitter drink made harsher moral judgments than those given a non-bitter drink. This article is extremely useful for my paper because it provides evidence that seemingly unimportant sensory information can influence moral judgments. Also, it nicely complements the work of Chapman et al. (2009), who found that emotional disgust and morality utilize similar brain regions. One limitation, though, is that all of the participants in the study were college students. They may have responded differently to the moral situations than older or younger participants.

http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797611398497
http://ezproxy.snhu.edu/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797611398497
Rubric Critical Elements Exemplary Proficient Needs Improvement Not Evident Value

Annotation: Conclusion

Meets “Proficient” criteria and includes clear and relevant details in support of the conclusions (23-25)

Annotation provides the main conclusions of each resource (20-22)

Annotation of each resource is incomplete and missing important information (18-19)

Annotation does not provide the main conclusions of each resource (0-17)

25

Annotation: Disorder/Disability

Information

Meets “Proficient” criteria and provides details to connect the resources to the case application paper (23-25)

Annotation provides information about the chosen disorder/disability (20-22)

Annotation does not sufficiently support the chosen disorder/disability (18-19)

Annotation does not provide information about the chosen disorder/disability (0-17)

25

Annotation: Treatment

Information

Meets “Proficient” criteria and includes treatment options supported through research (23-25)

Annotation provides information about possible treatment options (20-22)

Annotation does not propose sufficient treatment options for the disorder/disability (18-19)

Annotation does not provide information about possible treatment options (0-17)

25

Articulation of Response

Submission is free of errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, and is presented in a professional and easy-to-read format (23-25)

Submission has no major errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, or syntax (20-22)

Submission has major errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, or syntax that negatively impact readability and articulation of main ideas (18-19)

Submission has critical errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, or syntax that prevent understanding of ideas (0-17)

25

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